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Myron Avery: Portrait of a President
Dave Bates • Jan 30, 2024
Myron Avery, Portrait of a President
While Benton MacKaye, an American philosopher, had a dream of a footpath for hikers on the ridge of the mountains running from Maine to Georgia, Myron Avery was the man who was mainly responsible for the dream come true. He pursued MacKaye's dream with vigor and tenacity and made it a reality. Both MacKaye, the dreamer and idealist, and Avery, the organizer and worker, were essential to the making of the Appalachian Trail.
Benton MacKaye became founder of the Appalachian Mountain Club. At PATC's first meeting on Nov. 22, 1927, Myron H. Avery was elected president. He held the post until the end of 1940 with no real rivals to oppose him.
Avery was a hands-on president the entire time he held office. He was the official leader of a great many hikes and work trips; on countless others he was the behind-the-scenes organizer. He carried on a tremendous amount of correspondence with individuals and organizations.
Council meetings were called when Avery deemed them necessary, often more than once a month, and he made all the arrangements for them. Avery often called committee chairmen, both to check on the progress of their projects and to hustle them along on important work if they seemed slack. He personally tested lots of camping equipment and trail-work tools.
Avery was a one-man public relations department for PATC. He wrote, called, visited and invited on club trips many officials in both the U.S. Forest Service and the National Park Service. He wrote articles on both the PATC and the AT for all five newspapers in the D.C. area in the 1930s.
Avery was out on the Trail about 50 weekends a year. He drove himself, and drove others hard, to fulfill the goal of building a permanent Appalachian Trail. And he wanted to establish PATC, known at that time as simply an outdoor club, as a club with integrity and a valid purpose.
A Tough Taskmaster
Most of the time Avery was considerate, helpful and understanding. With newcomers who were sincerely interested in the club and who were willing to work, he could be a companion and coach. But if he felt he had been crossed or unnecessarily opposed, he could be cold, arbitrary and abrasive. He had little time for those who would not help, who may have been along for a good time only.
If ever proven wrong, Avery would admit it, but this seldom happened as he usually knew exactly what he was doing. Demanding but fair, Avery would not ask others to do what he would not do himself.
Avery often would dictate 20 or more letters in an evening at club headquarters, then ask the secretaries, usually Jean Stephenson or Marion Park, to type them and mail them in a day or so. This was done after everyone had worked a full day. After two or three sessions like this, working 'til midnight, Avery would take the typists out to a sumptuous dinner at a quality restaurant. The meals were paid for out of his own pocket.
Living A Full Life
Myron Avery was completely dedicated to the Appalachian Trail. Aside from his family and work, he had no time for anything else. While he was president of PATC, he also was chairman of the Appalachian Trail Conference from 1931 to 1952. A native of Maine, Avery also helped organize the Maine Appalachian Trail Club and was its supervisor of trails from 1935 to 1949 and its president from 1949 to 1952.
Avery was an expert of maritime and admiralty law and held a responsible post in the U.S. Maritime Commission during these years. He served as a naval officer during World War II as he had in World War I, but was posted to New York City during the years of the second conflict.
Avery was married and the father of two sons. It was said that he averaged five hours sleep a night for many, many years. PATC President (1949-50) Victor Howard, who worked closely with Avery and knew him well, once assessed him as a genius.
It is true that PATC was smaller in those years - 351 members in 1936, for instance - and that there were fewer trips and activities. However, many of them were of the pioneer, groundbreaking variety.
Avery's motto was that failure never should be repeated. A mistake made twice was time wasted and if publicly known would diminish the image of PATC.
Frank Schairer was entrusted with the job of trail clearing and of dealing with landowners. After a difference of opinion, Avery also came to trust Alvin 'Pete" Peterson and gave him carte blanche to build the chain of lean-tos. There were a few others in those early years who took some of the self-imposed load from Avery's shoulders. Still, he insisted on handling much of the whole business of running the club himself. The still-to-be-inspired word "workaholic' would have fitted Avery perfectly.
Clubs Take Opposite Sides
When the federal government began to build Skyline Drive, Benton MacKaye and the Appalachian Mountain Club fought the government to keep the drive off of the crest of the Blue Ridge and lost. But Avery decided to work with the government instead. Consequently, Avery and PATC had influence and were respected for doing a worthwhile job in building the Trail in that area, even though they had no real power. Avery felt that although he might have to compromise in some instances, by working with the government he could be allowed to keep the AT within the boundaries of Shenandoah National Park. His efforts were successful, and he even managed to finagle some help from the Civilian Conservation Corps in building a cabin or two.
The cost was a terrible quarrel with the Appalachian Mountain Club and a personal break with MacKaye, one that never healed.
Avery was so dedicated to Trail activities that when his job took him to New York City in early 1940 he still tried to run PATC in the same hands-on manner as before. He took train and motor trips to go on hikes and work trips and wrote voluminously to committee chairmen and key club members about details that needed taking care of.
This couldn't possibly work for long. Frustrated and feeling he couldn't control events from that distance, Avery resigned on June 11, 1940. The council and many prominent members, some of whom had disagreed with him on several issues and perhaps had felt stunted by his tight control, rose up and begged him to stay on. He agreed to finish his term and retained control of some key club activities.
Avery did not stand for reelection and was succeeded by the club's long-time vice president, Dr. L.F. Schmeckebier, on Jan. 28, 1941.
The Trail Ends
Myron Avery was an inspired, dedicated leader, compulsive about opening the Appalachian Trail and about PATC's part in it. He put his stamp on the club, along with other leaders. PATC still reflects his attitudes and philosophy. Though the word 'elite' is in disrepute these days, this club is elite because of its quality members, high standards and distinguished accomplishments. PATC is respected by all who know about its work.
Scott Johnson, a former PATC president, once told me that this job could take up to 24 hours a day if one let it. No one can meet that standard, but Myron Avery came as close to it as anyone could. It was not, and is not, a wise way to live from a personal standpoint. Avery was dead of a heart attack in 1952 at age 53. Many thought he truly was "burned out" from his complete devotion to his self-appointed task. He paid the price for his work ethic.
Many older members, and other older hikers, think that PATC exists mostly because of Myron Avery. He was a "doer" who put Benton MacKaye's dream into existence. We should be proud he was in our midst in those early years. We are what we are, a responsible and working Trail club respected by the hiking community, because of Myron Haliburton Avery and his dedication, ability and hard work.
Dave Bates
Dear PATC Members, Would you like to give back to the community, connect people to the outdoors, and help preserve and protect your favorite trails? The Potomac Appalachian Trial Club (PATC) is looking for dynamic and motivated leaders to fill our upcoming election for club officers. PATC is a non-profit organization with over 8,000 members, of which about 1,000 are also dedicated volunteers. PATC volunteers help maintain and preserve over 1200 miles of trails, 50 cabins, and 39 shelters. We are a complex organization with a lot of moving parts, always trying to improve efficiency and continue growing to better serve the public. Positions we are looking for to lead our Executive Committee: · President: Club leader · VP of Operations: Coordinate trails, facilities, and lands · VP of Volunteerism: Supports 1000 volunteers and attracts new volunteers · Supervisor of Trails: Manages 1200 miles of trails over 40 districts · Supervisor of Facilities: Manages cabins, shelters and campgrounds · Supervisor of Lands: Manages 100+ parcels of PATC properties, right of ways and easements · Treasurer: Oversees budget and accounting · Secretary: Manages club records · Supervisor of Membership: Supports 8000+ members and recruits new members · Supervisor of Communications: Manages media and messaging · Supervisor of Outreach: Manages education and outreach events · Supervisor of Marketing: Manages sales and marketing of the PATC online store If you are interested in a leadership position, like to develop organizations, and you have about 10 hours a week to volunteer, we’d like to know more about you. To apply or to recommend a candidate, you can email nominations@patc.net or fill out and online application , which can be found at www.patc.net/volunteer. We will contact you to learn more about your interests and provide additional information. If you cannot help now but know of potential candidates, please tell us, and we’ll contact them. Sincerely, The PATC Nominating Committee
Want to get away? Looking for a last-minute getaway to the Appalachian Mountains? PATC cabins have had you covered since 1937, However the process just got a little bit easier. For decades a last minute rental at one of our illustrious cabins included the logistics limbo of getting a key to you by mail or requiring pickup. We now have lockboxes at 9 cabins allowing all your rental necessities to arrive by email. The lockboxes are unique --since we do not always have electricity and never WiFi at these locations. Instead they have preset one time use codes that last only the duration of your stay. These devices are installed at Cliff’s House, Dunlodge, Glass House, Little Cove, Morris, Old Rag, Silberman Trail Center, and Vining Cabin. By the end of the year, 10 additional lockboxes will be installed growing your remote access to some of the best hiking properties in the region. Cliff’s House is a lofted cabin with eye catching architecture. It is one of our modern-cabins, with all the comforts of home the second story main level is like a studio apartment among the trees with spacious railed decks on both sides. The cabin is located just west of Shenandoah National Park on the outskirts of Elkton. Dunlodge is another modern beauty, and it’s located in Charlottesville, VA. The Cabin was originally constructed as a model home by a team of builders and therefore showcases many charming and unique building elements. The property is a short walk from UVA sports and performance venues and a short trek or quick drive into Charlottesville city center. The perfect cabin for urban explorers doesn’t feel so urban when you are there. The estate entrance is off of a small wooded dirt road tucked into a hill side. The fenced in property is wooded and far from any neighboring property. Outside the charm of the house itself is a comfortable porch, a beer garden style patio, and an outdoor fireplace. Glass House is another cabin with the familiar comforts of indoor plumbing, electricity, and a full kitchen. Glass house is a popular pick among PATC faithful. The cabin is located in northern Fort Valley, VA, with easy access to the Massanutten Trail, Signal Knob, and the Tuscarora Trail. The cabin is perched steeply above a private winding driveway off Fort Valley Road with a beautiful view looking South over the valley. The beautiful scene is best observed from the cabins wonderful screened in porch. Hikers will be happy to know that trails abound near this cabin as well, thanks to the nearby Elizabeth Furnace trail system. Little Cove is a modern cabin with 4 bedrooms making it a great option for 2-4 couples, or 2 families with kids. Located in the Tuscarora Mountain valley 10 minutes from the quaint colonial town of Mercersburg PA, the spacious main level connects to a grand, covered, wrap around porch for lounging and dining. Hikers can access the Tuscarora Trail via a short connector trail to the cabin. Morris is one of our two primitive cabins on the list with a lock box. Morris is located just East of Swift Run Gap. The historic cabin gives a true sense of Appalachian living and has a nice view of Virginia’s Piedmont District. Hikers can enjoy the winding trails of the Vining Tract or easy access to Shenandoah National Park. Old Rag is another modern cabin and includes a ramp and handicap accessible shower with first and second level sleeping accommodations. This cabin is just steps away from the Old Rag parking area with first class access to the famous Old Rag circuit hike. Enjoy your hard earned beverage and dinner on the screened in porch after a day well spent on one of Virginia’s favorite mountains. Silberman Trail Center is a tidy 2 level cabin on a large private piece of land with drive in access. Our second primitive cabin on the list, near Cowan’s Gap State Park is a popular destination for hikers in PATC’s north district in Pennsylvania. The Tuscarora Trail, just 100 yards away gives hikers access to “Cowans” and Buchanan State Forest. Vining Cabin, The final modern cabin on the list is a wonderful destination on PATC’s 600 acre Mutton Hollow tract. The long private drive traverses two creeks giving renters a true sense of wilderness and adventure. The picturesque chestnut wood and stone exterior give this cabin a handsome Shenandoah charm. For last minute rentals call the Cabin’s desk at PATC Head Quarters. The desk is open for reservations MWF from 11:00-1:00 (703) 242-0315 Ext. 1 If you can’t pick up a key, these 9 cabins are your best bet for spur of the moment access!
Virginia Black Bear Festival Announcement What: Virginia Black Bear Festival When: June 1, 2024 from 10am – 4pm Where: Downtown Stanardsville, VA Cost: Free! On June 1 st , Stanardsville will host the Virginia Black Bear Festival on National Black Bear Day. Various organizations that honor nature, promote outside activities and adventures, and celebrate the emergence of black bears will be on hand to celebrate the Shenandoah National Park, the Appalachian Trail, and Virginia’s wild spaces. All things BEARS will be going on, from led-hikes and professional storytellers, to bear- and honey-themed food from area food trucks, appearances by Sasquatch and Smokey the Bear, BEARd and porridge-eating competition, live music, and opportunities to watch demonstrations (a master falconer and a pro-bird watcher will be present, as will a live bee display) or learn a new skill (fly-fishing or archery, anyone? And there’s so much more. The PATC, a partner in the festival, will host an information table and will lead several local hikes. Members of the PATC Southern Shenandoah Valley and Charlottesville chapters will be present. Come join us! The final schedule and a map will be published May first, but in the meantime, look to www.vablackbearfestival.org .
Keep Calm and Read On: A Life Outside A his 60th birthday neared, Virginia Senator Tim Kaine decided it was time to make good on a promise he had made to himself years earlier: hike all 559 miles of the AT in VA, bike the Blue Ridge Parkway's 321 miles and paddle the James River's 348. From 2019 to 2021 he did just that, keeping a daily journal on each trip. The result is “Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside.” Kaine's love for the outdoors dates to his days in Boy Scouts and family camping trips in Missouri, a passion that continued through his college years at University of Missouri and Harvard Law. Even after he moved to Richmond and began his political career, he found time for hiking, biking and paddling both at home and abroad. Trips with family and friends more often than not had an outdoor element. In deciding to embark on “Virginia Nature Triathlon,” he realized he was upping the ante. As he notes in the book, some of his congressional colleagues thought he had lost it. Undeterred, he set out, patching together days and weeks to fit his busy official schedule. Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside is the work of a storyteller with a keen eye for nature and human foibles. A proud Virginian, he is quick to point out the Commonwealth's natural beauty and history. PATC members will recognize a good deal. One of Kaine’s favorite hikes is the AT south of Thornton Gap. He is also quick to credit those responsible for making his triathlon possible with shout outs to park rangers, PATC trail maintainers, and others he encountered. Along the way, readers find out the senator has a thing about spiders and a taste for bourbon. One of the book's joys is the author's ever-present optimism and self-deprecating humor and humility; his trail name became Dogbowl. It's a long story. The Roller Coaster on the AT in Northern Virginia or a badly burned foot on the James did not stop him but they did make him think twice about the wisdom of his decision—and in the case of the Roller Coaster, come up with some songs to take his mind off the aching knees and record heat. Another strength of the book is Kaine's readiness to share his inner thoughts, often through lines of poetry from the likes of Roethke and Whitman. Despite its subtitle, Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside is as much about a life inside as outside. A self-confessed introvert, Kaine values time alone. His triathlon became something of an extended meditation as he sought to recharge his batteries and re-examine his life and values, in the wake of the bruising 2016 presidential race. A practicing Catholic, he turned to his faith, most importantly the ethos of service, self-examination and discernment instilled by the Jesuits when he was in high school and when he took a year off from law school to work with Jesuit missionaries in Honduras. He also looked to other faith traditions. One of his favorite pieces of advice comes from George Fox, the founder of Quakerism, "Walk cheerfully over the earth, answering that of God in everyone.” Early on, Kaine promises that Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside is not going to be about politics. That's a bit, however, like trying to write a book about the Titanic without mentioning ice. As he left Harpers Ferry, the impeachment process was starting. 2020 saw the global pandemic and Kaine's own COVID experiences. His paddle of the James came just months after January 6. Some will look at the calendar and argue that it was no coincidence that Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside appeared on the eve of Kaine's 2024 re-election bid but this is one of those times to heed Teddy Roosevelt’s advice that those not in the arena are best ignored. Kaine does not dwell on politics but neither does he ignore them, offering insights into most of the salient events that coincided with his travels. He proudly identifies as a progressive Democrat, invoking the Old Testament prophet Micah's injunction to do kindness, seek justice and walk humbly. One of his heroes is his father-in-law, Linwood Holton, the first Republican governor of Virginia since the Civil War. Kaine credits his election as re-establishing a two-party system in Virginia and for his support for de-segregation even though he knew it could cost him his political career. At end of the book, Kaine admits that over the intervening three years he has regained some of the 26 pounds he lost on the trail. Looking back, he sees his experiences as grounding, not humbling. To the degree that Walk, Ride, Paddle: A Life Outside was response to his turning 60, readers can only hope to get so lucky when he turns 70. Do you have a good read you would like to recommend or review? Send it along to wplimberg@aol.com . Meanwhile, keep calm and read on. See you on the trail.
In the world of outdoor sports and literature, the voices of women have often been sidelined or overlooked. However, Christine Reed emerges as a beacon of inspiration, challenging stereotypes and breaking barriers with her work. Christine is a long-distance backpacker and the author of the highly acclaimed memoir, Alone in Wonderland . She offers a raw and unfiltered perspective on women's experiences in the wilderness. In a recent interview with the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club, she discussed the process of collecting stories and perspectives for her second upcoming book Blood Sweat Tears , alongside speaking about being a woman in the outdoors space. Christine's journey in outdoor spaces as a woman with POTS has been one of resilience and self-discovery. Despite struggling with her body for years and feeling like she was always "out of shape," she persevered and pushed herself to the limits. However, it wasn't until her diagnosis with POTS/dysautonomia in 2020 that she realized her struggles were not her fault. Instead of battling against her body, she learned to tune in and listen to its needs, leading to newfound limits and heights in her outdoor adventures. Instead of pushing through the pain Christine now focuses on asking “what does my body need?” This has allowed her to “find new limits, new distances, new heights—because the body is far more capable when it is cared for.” The narratives in Blood Sweat Tears contribute significantly to the broader conversation about women's experiences in the outdoors, particularly addressing the taboo topic of menstruation. Christine noticed a lack of discussion around periods in outdoor adventure memoirs and sought to change that with her book. By sharing stories of managing the female body in outdoor spaces, she aims to normalize these conversations and empower women to embrace their truths fully. One of the most resonant aspects of Blood Sweat Tears is its inclusivity and diversity of experiences. Christine curated a collection of stories that span a variety of female experiences, from motherhood and infertility to reproductive health challenges. She states that the “power of representation in storytelling cannot be overstated— when we see people we can relate to doing things we don’t think we can do, we start to see the possibility we once didn’t believe in.” Through sharing these stories, Christine has created something truly special that all women can deeply connect with, highlighting the universal themes of resilience and strength. For aspiring female writers who may feel intimidated by the traditionally male-dominated outdoor literary space, Christine offers valuable advice: your story matters. She encourages women to reach out to others for support and guidance, emphasizing the importance of representation in storytelling. Not only is she sharing her own story, but she's also creating a platform for others to do the same. With Blood Sweat Tears , she is launching Rugged Outdoorswoman Publishing, which aims to amplify the narratives of women and gender expansive individuals in outdoor spaces. If you have a story to share, you can submit your manuscript and join the movement to elevate women's voices in the wilderness. In terms of the outdoor community's evolution towards inclusivity and representation for women, Christine acknowledges progress but also recognizes the work that still needs to be done. She hopes to contribute to this movement through her book and future endeavors, striving for true equality and transparency. Looking forward, Christine envisions a future where women's voices are elevated without shame or secrecy. She hopes to see more space made available for women's stories in outdoor sports and literature, fostering a culture of empowerment and solidarity. As readers engage with the stories in Blood Sweat Tears , they are invited to connect with the universal theme of the relationship to their body. Christine reminds us that despite our differences, we share common thoughts and ideas about our bodies, making these stories deeply personal and relatable. Christine Reed's journey and her upcoming book Blood Sweat Tears not only challenge societal norms but also pave the way for a more inclusive and empowering narrative surrounding women in the outdoors. Through her courage, resilience, and dedication, Christine inspires us to embrace our bodies and experiences fully, breaking barriers one story at a time. Pre-order Blood Sweat Tears through Rugged Outdoorswoman (releasing May 1st) and check out Christine’s sneak peak preview on her blog. Follow Christine and her adventures on Instagram , Facebook , and Linkedin .
Hiking is a great way to connect with nature, admire beautiful landscapes, and challenge ourselves physically and mentally. However, hikers often face obstacles that can make their journey difficult. One of the obstacles that can make hiking tricky is a blowdown. A blowdown is when a tree or a big branch falls across a trail. While a blowdown might not seem like a big deal, it's actually quite important for trail maintenance and your overall hiking experience. What Is A Blowdown? Blowdowns can occur due to various reasons, including strong winds, heavy snowfall, and natural decay. They can pose hazards to hikers, blocking paths and creating obstacles that require careful navigation. Blowdowns can disrupt ecosystems, affecting habitats and changing the landscape. Therefore, it's important for hikers to understand the significance of addressing blowdowns and contributing to trail care efforts. Maintaining trails is essential for preserving hiking routes and ensuring the safety of outdoor enthusiasts. When blowdowns obstruct paths, hikers tend to walk around or leave the established trails. This disrupts the vegetation in the surrounding area, as people trample over flora and create more wear and tear on the environment. Fallen trees and branches can create tripping hazards, especially in areas with dense vegetation or uneven terrain, which can increase the risk of getting lost or injured. By clearing blowdowns and keeping trails clear, hikers can enhance their safety and enjoy a better outdoor experience. Addressing blowdowns is also crucial for promoting environmental stewardship and preserving natural landscapes. Fallen trees can hinder the growth of vegetation, disrupt ecosystems, and affect the biodiversity of the area. Additionally, blowdowns can obstruct waterways and contribute to soil erosion, causing further ecological damage. By promptly addressing blowdowns and maintaining trails, hikers can minimize their environmental impact and contribute to the conservation of natural habitats. Why We Should Care About Trail Maintenance Trail care is a collective responsibility that involves hikers, outdoor enthusiasts, and conservation organizations. Volunteer groups such as the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club, play a crucial role in addressing blowdowns and ensuring the accessibility of hiking routes. PATC organizes regular clean-up events where volunteers work together to remove debris, clear trails, and mitigate environmental damage caused by blowdowns. By volunteering for PATC and involving themselves in trail maintenance activities, hikers can actively contribute to the preservation of wilderness areas and foster a sense of community among outdoor enthusiasts. Hikers can also practice responsible outdoor ethics to minimize their impact on trails and natural environments. This includes staying on designated trails, avoiding cutting switchbacks, and respecting wildlife and vegetation. By following these principles, hikers can reduce the likelihood of blowdowns occurring and help maintain the integrity of hiking routes for future generations. Encountering blowdowns during a hike can be a common hurdle, but it's something that we can all help with. These obstacles can have a significant impact on the environment and the trails we love to hike on. By taking part in trail maintenance and being mindful of the impact we have on the environment, we can help preserve the natural beauty of the landscapes we enjoy so much. Let's work together to ensure that hiking routes remain safe and accessible for all, while also protecting the wilderness for future generations to experience and cherish. Want to help maintain our trails? Volunteer with PATC! Check out our Volunteer Page to learn more.
Photo of Jennifer Schmid
Spring is almost here and if you’re anything like us, you’re itching to get outside. Have you thought about embarking on a day hike, but you’re not sure where to start? Day hiking is accessible, fun, and can be a rewarding experience, giving you the opportunity to enjoy the beauty of nature and revive your spirit. Regardless of your skill level, planning is crucial to ensure a safe and enjoyable hike. In this guide, we'll provide you with some essential tips for planning your hike and discuss the ten hiking essentials that you should always have with you. Planning Your Day Hike 1. Choose the Right Trail: Choose a trail that matches your fitness level, abilities, and experience. You can consider factors such as distance, elevation gain, terrain, and difficulty rating. You can check out online resources and hiking guidebooks to help you make an informed decision. You can also use apps, such as AllTrails , to see hikes near you. 2. Check the Weather: Weather can significantly affect your hike, so it's important to check the forecast for the trail area and plan accordingly. Be prepared for sudden changes in weather, especially in mountainous areas. 3. Notify Someone: Before you head out, let a friend or family member know about your hiking plans, including your intended route and estimated return time. In case of emergencies, this information can be crucial for search and rescue efforts. 4. Pack Light, but be Prepared: Carry essential items while keeping your backpack lightweight. Pack snacks, water, a first aid kit, navigation tools (map, compass, or GPS device), sun protection (sunscreen, hat, sunglasses), and extra clothing layers for changing weather conditions. 5. Wear Appropriate Clothing and Footwear: Dress in layers suitable for the weather and wear sturdy hiking boots or trail shoes with good traction. Avoid cotton clothing, as it retains moisture and can lead to discomfort or hypothermia. Stick to wicking fabrics, such as wool or polyester. 6. Start Early: Begin your hike early in the day to allow ample time for exploration and to avoid hiking in the hottest part of the day. Starting early also reduces the risk of getting caught in inclement weather or darkness. 7. Stay Hydrated and Energized: Bring an adequate supply of water and high-energy snacks to fuel your body throughout the hike. Hydration packs or water bottles with built-in filters are convenient options for staying hydrated on the trail. 8. Pace Yourself: Maintain a steady pace that suits your fitness level, and take breaks as needed to rest and refuel. Listen to your body and be mindful of signs of fatigue or dehydration. 9. Leave No Trace: Respect nature and minimize your impact on the environment by practicing Leave No Trace principles . Pack out all trash, stay on designated trails, and avoid disturbing wildlife. 10. Enjoy the Journey: Take time to appreciate the natural beauty around you and immerse yourself in the sights and sounds of the wilderness. Remember to capture memories responsibly by taking photos without disturbing the environment. The 10 Hiking Essentials Navigation: Carry a map and compass, or a GPS device, to help you find your way on the trail. Sun Protection: Protect yourself from the sun's harmful rays with sunscreen, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat. Bug Spray: Don’t forget to bring bug spray! It protects you from insect bites, ensuring a more enjoyable and safer outdoor experience. Insulation: Pack extra clothing layers to stay warm in cooler temperatures or during unexpected weather changes. Illumination: Carry a headlamp or flashlight with extra batteries for visibility in low-light conditions or emergencies. First Aid Kit: Be prepared for minor injuries with a basic first aid kit containing bandages, antiseptic wipes, pain relievers, and other essentials. Pro-tip: Bring a multi-tool to be extra prepared. It ensures you're equipped to handle various unexpected situations or emergencies with ease and versatility. Nutrition: Bring high-energy snacks like trail mix, energy bars, or jerky to fuel your body during the hike. Hydration: Carry an ample supply of water or a water filtration system to stay hydrated throughout the day. Emergency bathroom bag: Carrying a pack out bag with toilet paper while hiking ensures you're prepared for any nature's call with comfort and hygiene. Check out this article about how to make packing out your TP less gross. By following these planning tips and carrying the ten hiking essentials, you'll be well-prepared for a memorable and safe day hike. Remember to always prioritize safety, respect nature, and most importantly, enjoy the adventure!
"Indeed, a journey through this park and the Sierra Forest Reserve to the Mount Whitney country will convince even the least thoughtful man of the needfulness of preserving these mountains just as they are, with their clothing of trees, shrubs, rocks, and vines, and of their importance to the valleys below as reservoirs for storage of water for agricultural and domestic purposes. In this, lies the necessity of forest preservation." -Captain Charles Young in Report of the Acting Superintendent of Sequoia and General Grant National Parks, California, October 15, 1903 As we dive into Black History Month, let's take a moment to explore a side of environmentalism that is often overlooked within the outdoor community: Black environmentalism. Throughout history, Black communities have carried an incredible bond with the land. From ancient African cultures practicing sustainable agriculture to enslaved folks finding solace and strength in nature, there's a deep-rooted connection from which environmentalism and conservation found its legs. In the United States, the emergence of Black environmentalism gained momentum during the Civil Rights era. Many individuals took a stand against environmental injustices in Black communities. Fannie Lou Hamer, Dr. Robert Bullard, and Colonel Charles Young are three notable conservationists and environmentalists. They worked towards providing Black communities access to clean air, water, and safe living conditions. As Bullard points out in his book, Dumping in Dixie: Race, Class, and Environmental Quality, Black communities and other marginalized communities have been “subjected to a disproportionately large amount of pollution and other environmental stressors in their neighborhoods as well as in their workplaces. However, these groups have only been marginally involved in the nation's environmental movement.” Dr. Robert Bullard, also known as the "father of conservation," has focused on bringing attention to communities of color that have been impacted by environmental racism. Through his studies, he has shown that toxic facilities such as landfills, chemical plants, and incinerators are more likely to be placed in lower-income areas and areas based on race. At the Bullard Center for Environmental and Climate Justice, he works to bring attention to these issues and provides resources that address environmental justice, environmental racism, sustainability, and how we can work towards changing these situations. Environmental justice began with the Civil Rights Movement and in turn, the people who were at the forefront of that movement, including Fannie Lou Hamer. Hamer was a pioneer of grassroots farming cooperatives that inspired current urban agriculture collectives. She believed in communal farming as a solution to economic justice and formed the Freedom Farm Cooperative (FFC) in 1969. This organization provided food for low-income families in the area and land that helped create jobs for those in need. Without any funding from the government, this project was supported by the co-op members and grew to support over 1,500 families. As documented by the National Women’s History Museum, Hamer began “buying up land that Blacks could own and farm collectively. With the assistance of donors (including famed singer Harry Belafonte), she purchased 640 acres and launched a coop store, boutique, and sewing enterprise. She single-handedly ensured that 200 units of low-income housing were built—many still exist in Ruleville today.” Her dedication to social justice and the furthering of racial equality was an integral piece in the advancement of both civil rights and environmental justice. Another important figure during the Civil Rights Movement was Charles Young. Colonel Charles Young, born in Kentucky in 1864, was the first African American military attaché and colonel, and the first African American national park Superintendent. He broke barriers throughout his career and played a vital role in shaping the National Parks Service along with his Buffalo Soldiers. Despite facing discrimination, his work ethic and commitment to duty propelled him to remarkable achievements, making him a trailblazer for Black environmentalists whose legacy endures. Corinne Wetzel for Audubon Magazine detailed Young’s life as a young Superintendent, saying “His mission was simple: protect the parks and make them accessible to visitors. This meant keeping local livestock like sheep from grazing inside the parks’ boundaries, defending the trees from illegal loggers, and protecting wildlife from hunters.” The legacies of Young and Hamer live on to this day through the continuing work of Bullard, and the work of organizations such as Outdoor Afro and Greening Youth Foundation, which strive to reconnect Black communities with nature. These organizations offer a range of programs, including education, advocacy, and outdoor activities to promote a love for the outdoors. We are currently facing some major challenges as a planet, such as climate change and biodiversity loss. To effectively tackle these issues, we need to draw on all the knowledge and experiences available to us. By focusing on Black history in our discussions about conservation, we not only pay tribute to the past but also establish a foundation for a more comprehensive and successful approach to safeguarding our planet. As we celebrate Black History Month, let’s take a moment to recognize the significant contributions of Black environmentalists, both past and present. They have made a significant impact through their activism, education, and passion for equality and justice. We must continue their work and fight to make a difference in the world by following their example. When we unite and learn from each other, there is no limit to what we can achieve. Learn more about the history of Black environmentalism by clicking the links below. Cited Sources https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/black-history-month-how-fannie-lou-hamer-inspires-the-modern-climate-movement/ https://greenamerica.org/green-living/interview-father-environmental-justice-robert-bullard#:~:text=Robert%20Bullard%20is%20Ware%20professor,been%20victims%20of%20environmental%20racism . https://dogwoodalliance.org/2022/02/10-black-environmentalists-to-know-about-in-2022/ https://www.bullardcenter.org/about/our-founder https://outdoorafro.org/ https://gyfoundation.org/ https://www.audubon.org/news/meet-charles-young-first-black-national-park-superintendent https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/fannie-lou-hamer https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780429495274/dumping-dixie-robert-bullard https://home.nps.gov/seki/learn/historyculture/young.htm
The Shenandoah National Park is one of the most beautiful parks in the world. While it was proposed as early as 1925, it was not officially dedicated until 1936. The Park area extends from the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains down the east and west slopes towards the foothills between Front Royal, Virginia and Waynesboro, Virginia. The one hundred and five mile long Skyline Drive extends along the upper reaches of the Blue Ridge through the park area between Front Royal and Waynesboro. A highway named the Blue Ridge Parkway connects the south entrance of the Shenandoah National Park in Virginia with the north entrance of the Great Smoky Mountain National Park in Tennessee. In January of 1931 I was one of the first party of men employed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Public Roads to prepare surveys and design plans needed for construction of an access road from the village of Creiglersville, Virginia, up the east side of the Blue Ridge Mountain to President Hoover's Camp on the Rapidan River, which became the forerunner of the Skyline Drive. Our field office consisted of a canvas tent mounted on a wooden platform located on a vacant lot in the village. As it was bitterly cold, we had a small kerosene space heater on the floor and for light we had two gas fired table lanterns. A few days after my arrival, we began the surveys and completed them to Hoover's Camp by early spring, 1931. About that time the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Interior, along with Governor Byrd of Virginia, convinced President Hoover and the U.S. Congress to build what was then being referred to as the "Skyline Drive" to be located in the Shenandoah National Park. Construction of the road from Creiglersville to Hoover's Camp was then canceled and we were directed to continue the necessary surveys from Hoover's Camp up the east side of the Blue Ridge to the top of the mountain at the Big Meadows area where it could connect with the Skyline Drive when built. That we did and the road from Creiglersville to Hoover's Camp was never built. We completed our work to Big Meadows at the top of the mountain by late spring of 1931 and were then directed to continue northward from there via the Skyland Summer Resort and on to Panorama at the Lee Highway (a- distance of about twenty-five miles) which was the real beginning of the Skyline Drive. There was a problem that had no direct connection with the building of the Skyline Drive, but it is most worthy of note. A killing blight of the chestnut tree forests dominated the upper reaches of a great portion of the Blue Ridge Mountains,especially in the Big Meadows and surrounding areas during the fall and winter months of 1931-32. Prior to that blight there were hordes of chestnut trees growing in numerous areas of the Blue Ridge Mountains. In fact there were so many chestnut trees growing in the wild that many of the people in those areas gathered chestnuts by the bushel basketfuls and carted them to Luray or other railroad sidings in the Valley where they could be loaded on railroad freight cars for shipment to markets when they were loaded. However, all of that came to a sudden end when the chestnut tree blight of 1931-32 arrived. It just seemed that all of those trees died at the same time and no one knew how to prevent it. It was a sad sight to behold. Every tree was completely stripped of all it's foliage, including all the bark and leaves. The completely barren trunk and limbs of each and every one of those trees was left standing in it's barren state for a long period of time, which was a constant reminder of their demise throughout the entire area by any and all persons who observed them. To those of us working in the area the saddest part of all was our memory of the numerous times we paused to eat some of those delicious chestnuts during the preceding season. The number of our design engineers and field survey crews increased as we approached the Skyland Summer Resort area in late fall of 1931 when it was considered necessary to move our office and living quarters closer to the work. The Skyland Resort was located above the three thousand foot level near the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains just south of Stony Man Mountain and was owned and operated by Mr. George Freeman Pollock. The Resort provided the ideal location for our move but it had been designed and built for summer use only. It consisted of a number of wood, slab-faced cabins, each with a living room with fire place and from two to four bed rooms, a bathroom and electric lights. Water was piped above ground by gravity from a spring on Stony Man Mountain via an "above ground" reservoir and on to the individual cabins. Following careful study, it was agreed by all that certain reasonable operational changes would make the Resort acceptable for our use through the coming winter. When those changes were made we moved in. Due to the extremely cold winter weather the water system and the cabin bathrooms were off limits during our stay. Instead, we had a large dining room and a large bathroom with showers, with each unit centrally but individually located in the camp area. Water for those two facilities was hauled in as needed. The only heat in the cabins was from the living room fire place, with fire permitted only when occupants were present, but completely extinguished before retiring. Also, no fire was permitted in the mornings before leaving for work. That meant dressing in the cold and walking outdoors from the cabins, to and from the dining and bath facilities. Of course the bedrooms were as cold as the outdoors but we had lots of blankets. Most mornings we found the top edge of the blankets frozen solid where we had breathed on them during the night and it took a lot of willpower to get out of those beds. Once settled in our new quarters we returned to our office design and field survey work from Skyland northward toward Panorama. Those of us working in the field then had to walk to and from work every day carrying all of our equipment and supplies, leaving home at daybreak and returning at dusk. We worked twelve to fifteen hours a day during that fall and winter. Most of the men selected for that work were between twenty and thirty years of age and most capable of accepting the hardships involved. Prior to opening Skyland for the 1932 summer season we had extended our preliminary surveys northward about halfway from Skyland toward Panorama when we moved our office and living quarters to Luray, Virginia. Meanwhile the number of our design engineers and field survey crews continued to increase. Following our move to Luray we returned to our surveys from where we had left them when moving from Skyland. I believe the remaining five or six miles northward to Panorama were the most difficult of all of my five years experience on the Skyline Drive and Blue Ridge Parkway. On a typical day we travelled ten miles by truck before dawn from Luray to Panorama (Elevation: 2,300 feet), where we left the truck for our return in the evening. We then traveled on foot to the south over the Appalachian trail which took us over Mary's Rock at an elevation of 3,500 feet, in a horizontal distance of about one-half mile. That amounted to an average climb of about one foot for every two feet of horizontal distance between those two points. Also, the Appalachian Trail in that area was not a constant graded path. It was over boulders and other irregularities sometimes as much as four feet or so. We had to crawl in places and sometimes be assisted by others in the group. Usually we had to stop once or twice going up or down as our knees would get too weak to hold up the weight of our bodies. As usual we had to carry our equipment and supplies too. From Mary's Rock we continued over the Trail to the south as much as three to five miles till we neared the place of our new day's work assignment. We then walked down the side of the mountain to where our new day's work would begin. At the close of work each day, we retraced our steps up the side of the mountain and over the trail via Mary's Rock to Panorama by dusk, for the ten mile truck ride to Luray. It should be noted that field engineering work such as outlined above under a "typical day" had to be repeated numerous times as required prior to, during and after the various stages of design and construction. We encountered a variety of wild life while working on the Skyline Drive and Parkway projects which included deer, snakes, and occasionally bob cats and black bear. The deer presented no problem and the bob cats were seldom bothersome if left undisturbed. If black bear happened to be nearby we kept a careful eye on them for safety sake as they could quickly cause serious problems, especially if there was a cub along. They could be very demanding and were nothing to play with. They seldom disturbed our lunches which we carried in metal lunch pails, but if we happened to have any left over food following lunch we soon learned to dispose of it, just in case. The snakes were one of our biggest problems and a constant threat except during the late fall and winter months when they went underground until spring. They were mostly Copperheads and Rattlers, being as much as five to seven feet long with the main part of their bodies being almost the size of a man's forearm. As we approached a rattler it would usually warn us with it's rattles and maybe move away but the copperheads would lay quietly coiled and wait for someone to get within striking distance. We considered them much more dangerous. When we knew of a snake being nearby, we would always give it a chance to move away but some were quite stubborn and we killed one or more most every day during the summer season. For protection from snake bites we wore high top leather boots over extra socks. I don't recall any of the men being harmed by a snake biting through those boots but there were a couple of occasions when they attempted to and left their fangs caught in them which was just a little too close for comfort. In late fall a few miles south of Panorama, a power shovel was operating in an area of the proposed roadway where there was hardly any soil but a lot of course rocks. Much to everyone's surprise the shovel came up with a scoopful of those rocks along with many snakes from beneath the surface where they had made a den for the winter. In his excitement, the operator stopped the shovel with the scoop in midair and snakes were dangling in all directions. I happened to witness the episode and I never before nor since have seen so many snakes in one batch. One snake traveled down the shovel boom onto the operator's platform. As I recall there were about eight or ten workers in the immediate area and I believe both men and snakes were about equally frightened trying to get out of harm's way. When the excitement was over no person was harmed and most of the snakes made to safety. However, the shovel operator scrambled off the rig, walked off the job and didn't return. When establishing a center line control over top the mountain ridge under which the proposed roadway tunnel just south of Panorama was being planned we stopped for lunch directly on that ridge. After lunch our party chief decided to lay with his head on his folded jacket on a bed of leaves at the base of a large boulder for a short rest. He had just gotten comfortable when he heard a slight rustle in the leaves. Turning his head to look, he found himself staring into the face of a copperhead snake coming from under the boulder. Luckily, the chief came up from there in a flash unharmed and we killed the snake. By the latter part of 1932 construction of the Skyline Drive between Big Meadows end panorama was well underway and the first official opening of the Drive was held at Panorama on October 22, 1932. It was opened for a distance for fifteen or twenty miles to the south, over an unpaved base course material. I continued working in the Luray and Front Royal, Virginia areas for a year or so and then transferred to work at various locations in the Park area as far south as it's termination at Waynesboro, Virginia. I was next assigned to a number of locations on the Blue Ridge Parkway south from Waynesboro, Virginia as far as Black Mountain, North Carolina, when I transferred to other U. S. Government civil engineering work in December, 1935. William M. Austin was the Engineer in Charge of the engineering design and contract construction of the Skyline Drive and Blue Ridge Parkway projects. He was a very capable engineer and knew the work well. He, along with one man assisting walked over the greatest part of the route for the drive through those mountains in Virginia, establishing the preliminary rough grade and alignment limitations that basically provided the most beautiful scenic route for the Skyline Drive. The field survey parties followed over the many miles of the selected route obtaining the necessary engineering data required for the preparation of the preliminary and final design and construction plans which when completed provided for the contract construction of that most beautiful scenic Drive. I hope you enjoyed my preceding article relating to the origin of the Skyline Drive and to some of my experiences while helping to bring it into being during that five year period. I spent the next five years working with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on topographic and hydrographic engineering on the eastern shore of Maryland and Virginia, the latter part of which I spent on the construction of the National Airport adjacent to Washington, D.C. The following twenty-five years I worked with the Navy's Facilities Engineering Command. There, for the most part I supervised the preparation and updating of civil engineering design criteria as used for design and construction of the Navy's Shore Establishment Projects throughout the U.S. and Foreign Port Areas. These criteria were also used by private contractors as well, when involved. Upon completion of thirty-five years of U.S. Government service in Civil Engineering work, I retired from the U.S. Navy's Facilities Engineering Command on December 31, 1966.